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Bladder dysfunction
  Spastic bladder Atonic bladder Sphincter dyssynergia
Anatomy Upper motor neuron lesions Lower motor neuron lesions varies
Causes Brain or spinal cord problem Conus medullaris, cauda equina, plexus, peripheral nerve dysfunction  
Symptoms Incontinence with urgency Overflow incontinence increased residue urine 
Urodynamic findings decreased capacity, reduced compliance, uninhibited detrusor contractions increased capacity, increased compliance, low voiding pressure & flow rate fluctuating voiding pressure, intermittent flow rate
Management timed bladder emptying, intermittent catherization Crede's  or Valsalva's maneuver, intermittent catherization  
Medication anticholinergics, musculotropics, calcium antagonists, beta agonists Cholinergic med, limited by side effects  

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Medications used in treatment of bladder problem
Anticholinergics
Propantheline bromide (Pro-banthine)
tab: 7.5, 15 mg
Dose: 15-30 mg q6 h
Glycopyrrolate (Robinul)
tab: 1 mg
Dose: 1 mg bid or tid
Dicyclomine (Bentyl)
tab/Cap: 10mg, Tab: 20 mg, Syrup: 10mg/5ml
Dose: 20 mg tid
Musculotropics  (antispasmodics)
Oxybutynin (Ditropan)
tab: 5 mg, syrup: 5 mg/5ml. 5 mg tid to qid
Ditropan LA: 5, 10, 15 mg qd, max 30 mg/day
Flavoxate (Urispas)
tab: 100 mg
Dose: 100-200 mg tid or qid
Tolterodine (Detrol): Tab: 1, 2 mg. Dose 2 mg bid, to tid
Detrol LA: 2, 4 mg. dose 1 cap qd
Tolerated better than Oxybutinin
Most frequent side effect: dry mouth. Other side effect: headache, dyspepsia, dizziness, urinary tract infection
Others
Calcium antagonists Terodiline
Dose: 12.5 mg bid or tid
Beta agonist Terbutaline (Brethine)
tab: 2.5, 5 mg
Dose: 5 mg tid
Tricyclics Imipramine (Tofranil)|
tab: 10, 25, 50 .. mg
Dose: 25 mg tid to qid
Cholinergics Bethanecol (Urecholine)
tab: 5, 10, 25, 50 mg
Dose: 25-100 mg qid

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